By Brad Hyett, CEO at phos
The widespread adoption of e-wallets and mobile banking has been supercharged by the pandemic. But mobile money has long been accepted in emerging markets as a flexible way to pay and get paid. As digital payments innovation continues at pace, mobile money could be the key to bringing an often forgotten market along on this journey – the unbanked.
1.7 billion unbanked
Historically, when it comes to digital payments innovation, the focus has been on the banked eighty percent, as payment providers seek innovative ways to simplify transactions and offer new products and incentives to those that already have access to banking services.
Yet financial opportunities with the unbanked should not be forgotten, nor underestimated. With 1.7 billion adults totally unbanked globally – i.e. people that don’t use banks or banking services in any capacity – the scale of the opportunity for the payments industry is sizeable.
Furthermore, the World Bank reports that access to financial services has been demonstrated to not only support global economies, but help lift people out of poverty. From a social standpoint, it is vital that these communities are not left behind.
Mobile money
While this market may be unbanked, they are not necessarily off grid. Two thirds of the unbanked population has a mobile phone, making mobile money the go-to solution for these groups.
In Africa, the market leader in mobile money, M-Pesa, currently processes over a billion transactions a month, providing vital access to banking services and powering local economies. For financial services providers, then, it is the mobile phone that holds the key to innovation and expanding in emerging markets.
Mobile money was developed in response to people’s desire to keep their cash safe and transfer it to others across distances. With mobile money, neither a bank account nor an ATM is required to make this possible. Instead by using a SIM card money can be stored, sent and received via a mobile phone. This means that agents, often local shopkeepers, can facilitate transactions by providing and receiving funds.
Simplifying payments
The simplicity of the system has allowed it to reach far and wide both in cities and, importantly, in rural destinations, which may be many miles from a brick-and-mortar bank.
Mobile money has revolutionised payments for many of the unbanked by providing a safe way to transfer funds between family and friends as well as pay for goods and services.
In doing so, it has democratised financial services, shifting power away from the traditional banking system and into the hands of the people who use mobile money every day.
Limited innovation
The mobile money services that exist today, however, are just the tip of the iceberg. There has been limited innovation from financial services providers in response to consumer behaviour in emerging markets, such as Africa and South East Asia, where mobile banking infrastructure is more sophisticated than much of the developed world.
As detailed in a recent McKinsey report, mobile money presents a ‘dual promise’ for customers and financial institutions alike. Not only serving as a driver of financial inclusion for the unbanked, but a means for payment providers to scale and grow in emerging markets.
For companies looking to offer financial services in these regions, education must be first on their agenda. While it’s critical that services are available to those who require them, it’s ultimately awareness and understanding of what’s being offered that will drive uptake among the unbanked population.
A final thought
This applies closer to home too. With 1.3 million unbanked adults in the UK alone, the need to improve access to banking services and cash alternatives extends beyond emerging markets. Add to this the many more ‘underbanked’ consumers, who still choose cash for privacy or security reasons, and the case for financial inclusion is clear.
As the global payments industry embraces digital transformation on a scale unlike anything we’ve seen before, it’s vital that the unbanked don’t get left behind. With cash usage continuing to decline during the pandemic, mobile money could provide an accessible alternative and help democratise banking services for all.
